Lesson Plans April 28- May 2nd

Chemistry I Lesson Plans April 28^th – May 2^nd

Monday:

1.  Notes over balancing equations

2.  Finish ch 6 test

3.  Balancing I and II due Weds

Tuesday:

1.      Continue notes over balancing and types of  reactions

2.      Balancing I and II due tomorrow

3.      Balancing III and IV due Friday

Weds:

1.  Notes through single replacement reactions

2.  Balancing I and II due

3.  Balancing III and IV due Friday

Thurs:

1.  Thermite Demo

2.  Continue notes over types of reactions

Friday:

1.  Works Bomb Demo

2.  Worksheets III and IV due

3.  Quiz Tuesday over balancing equations

4.  Single Replacement Pre-Lab for Monday’s Lab

Lesson Plans Adv Chemistry April 28^th - May 9th

Students will be able to recognize, name, and draw alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes and understand how the structure affects the molecular properties of the molecules and their uses.

Monday:   Acid/Base Test

Tuesday:

1.      Notes on organic chemistry and hydrocarbon alkanes

2.      Practice Probs I and WI on alkanes due Thursday

Weds:

1.      Continue notes on alkanes – naming them

2.      PPI and WI due tomorrow

3.      Quiz on 10 alkanes Friday

Thurs:   

1.  Grade PPI and WI

2.  Notes on naming and reconstructing alkanes

3.  Additional Probs II #2 only for Monday

Friday:

1.  Quiz on 10 alkanes

2.  Continue notes on naming and drawing hydrobarbons

3.  Additional Probs II finish for Tuesday

Lesson Plans AP Chemistry April 28^th - May 9th

Students will prepare for the AP Test which is Monday.

Monday:   finish acid/base review

Tuesday:  experimental chemistry review

Weds:  Practice Diagnostic test I and grade in class

Thurs:  Practice Diagnostic test II and grade in class

Friday:  Review crib notes for test on Monday

Lesson Plans 22nd - 25th

Lesson Plans April 22^nd - 25^th

Chemistry I:  This week students will be able to review information from the unit in preparation for the unit test.   It is a crazy week with Juniors taking the ACT and PSAE test.

Monday:  no school

Tuesday:

1.  WebMO I due

2.  grade 60 point review sheet on bonding

3.  90 point review due also

Wednesday and Thursday:  ACT for Juniors

1.  Finish WebMO II

2.  Lewis quiz if absent last week

3.  Make sure your 90 point review is with Mrs. Block so she can grade it

Friday: 

1.  look over 90 point review sheet

2.  Chemical Bonding Exam

Chemistry II:  This week students will be able to review information from the unit in preparation for the unit test.   It is a crazy week with Juniors taking the ACT and PSAE test.

Monday:  no school

Tuesday:

1.  Ka quiz and homework back

2.  grade acid base review

3.  test on Friday

Wednesday and Thursday:  ACT for Juniors

Friday:  Acid Base Exam

AP Chemistry:

Students are finishing reviews in preparation for the AP test which will be May 5^th.

Monday:  no school

Tuesday:

1.  practice tests are due – graded

2.  thermochemistry review

3.  outline thermochemistry chapter and take practice test on that chapter due Friday

Weds:  Diagnostic test #2 – take and score and turn in

Thursday:  Diagnostic test #3 – take and score and turn in

Friday:  film “the Pack Attack” commercial

1.  thermochemistry outline and practice test due

2.  acid/base review

3.  outline acid base chapter and take practice test on that chapter due Friday

Lesson Plans April 7th - 11th

Chemistry I Lesson Plans April 7-11^th

This week we are continuing our study of molecular geometry and using student created Lewis structures and those created in the computational chemistry program WebMO to analyze properties of these molecules.  Students will be able to predict geometry types based on both the VSEPR and Hybridization Theories as well as visualize the electron pair domains, geometries, and hybridizations of many different molecules.  Students will be preparing for their ch 6 test which will be sometime after Spring Break.

Monday:

1.  Lewis III worksheet due

2.  finish WebMO – due Thursday

3.  pick up naming review for test – due Wednesday

4.  Lewis II quiz on Wednesday

Tuesday:  sophomores gone

1.  finish WebMO I if needed

2.  start WebMO II

3.  finish naming review for test due tomorrow

4.  Lewis II quiz tomorrow

Weds:

1.  Lewis II quiz

2.  finish notes on unit

3.  naming review due tomorrow for test

4.  test Friday after break

Thursday:

1.  grade naming review

2.  finish WebMO activities

Friday:

1.  grade Lewis III worksheet

2.  Juniors - work on unit review – due Thursday after break

3.  Test Friday after break

Adv Chemistry  Lesson Plans April 7-11^th

Students will understand how to calculate pH of a weak acid with the help of an ICE table.  We will be taking the chapter test after break so the acid/base review needs to be completed.

Monday:

1.  ICE table notes

2.  titration review due

3.  Acid/base review due Thursday

Tuesday: 

1.  grade titration review

2.  ICE Table notes

3.   Ka problems due Friday

Weds:

1.  finish ICE notes

2.  work on Ka problems

3.  quiz I Friday over Ka

Thursday:

1.  grade review sheet

2.  Ka worksheet and quiz due tomorrow

Friday:

1.  grade Ka worksheet

2.  Ka quiz 1

3.  Ka quiz 2 Tuesday after break

4.  Test on Friday after break

AP Chemistry  Lesson Plans April 7-11^th

Students will understand how to find the rate law expression given the rate constant in both an elementary and multiple step reaction. 

Monday:

1.  finish notes on elementary rate law problems

2.  begin working on ch 11 outline homework – due Friday

Tuesday:

1.  discuss the rate determining step in kinetics

2.  begin homework Kinetics worksheet I – due Thursday

3.  ch 11 outline homework due Friday

4.  rates of reaction lab due Friday

Weds:

1.  finish rates of reaction lab – due Friday

2.  continue working on chapter homework

Thursday: 

1.  grade kinetics worksheet I

2.  finish ch homework for tomorrow

Friday:  AP practice test

Lesson Plans March 31st -April 4th

Lesson Plans Chemistry I March 31^st -April 4^th

Students will continue to practice drawing Lewis structures.  By the end of the week, they will understand how to relate these structures to molecular properties by analyzing the geometry of the Lewis structure as well as the bond lengths, bond angles, electron pair domains, and hybridizations.  The computational program WebMO will help them visualize these concepts in 3D.

Monday:

1.      Continue notes on Lewis Structures – sigma and pi bonds and polyatomic ions

2.      Lewis I due tomorrow

3.      Lewis II due Weds

Tuesday: 

1.      Grade Lewis I worksheet

2.      Notes on VSEPR and electron pair domains

3.      Lewis II due tomorrow

4.      Lewis III due Thursday

Wednesday: 

1.      Grade Lewis II worksheet

2.      Lewis quiz tomorrow

3.      Notes on hybridization and metallic bonding

4.      Lewis III due tomorrow

Thursday:

1.      Grade Lewis III

2.      Lewis quiz

3.      Finish notes if needed

4.      Chapter 6 review due Tuesday

Friday:  WebMO I activity on bond angles and lengths and hybridization

this drawing of nitrogen dioxide in WebMO helps students analyze the molecule's bond lengths, angles, and hybridizations as well as how these aspects affect the molecule's properties

Lesson Plans Adv. Chemistry  March 31^st -April 4^th

By the end of the week, students will be able to interpret pH titration graphs and understand that there is a difference between a strong acid/strong base titration and those with weak acids or weak bases.  Using an ICE table helps in the mathematical process in solving such weak acid problems.  Finding the Ka value of an acid  using an ICE table is very important in understanding the concept of equilibrium , which is one of the big topics in Chemistry.

Monday:

 1.  grade titration problems II

2.  titration quiz

3.  titration curve worksheet due Weds

4.  ICE table examples from  notes

Tuesday:

 1.  ICE table examples from notes

2.  Ka worksheet due Friday

Wednesday:

 1.  grade titration curves worksheet

2.  titration curves quiz

3.  acid base review due Monday

Thursday

 1.  ICE table examples from notes

2.  Ka worksheet due tomorrow

3.  Ka quiz tomorrow

Friday:

1.  grade the Ka worksheet

2.  Ka quiz

3.  acid base review due Monday

Lesson Plans AP Chemistry  March 31^st -April 4^th

Students will finish our study of equilibrium which will be revisited in their review of the acid/base unit and thermodynamics unit.  By the end of the week, students will begin to understand the concept of reaction rates as we cover this topic and begin our first lab of the unit.  A further exploration of this concept will be continued next week.

the iodine clock reaction is a standard lab for observing order or reaction rates

Monday:

1.  Probs #11-17 due

2.  ch 11 rates of reaction overdue!

3.  finish march madness periodic table game

4.  Cliff’s homework set due Weds

Tuesday:

1.  Vitamin C Clock Reaction Lab

2.  Cliff’s homework due tomorrow

Weds:

1.  AP quiz over equilibrium – multiple choice and free response

2.  Cliff’s homework due

3.  March  Madness due

Thursday:

1.  rates of reaction ch 11 lecture

2.  iodine clock reaction lab part I

Friday:

1.  rates of reaction ch 11 lecture over

2.  iodine clock reaction lab part II

Lesson Plans for March 24 thru 28

Chemistry I Lesson Plans March 24-28

This week we are finishing up our Penny Lab where we looked at why you can place over 150 drops of water on a penny.  We used a computational chemistry program to draw water and other solutions and look at their properties (webmo.net).  After two weeks of naming and writing ionic and covalent compounds, we are ready to start drawing their Lewis structures.  This is a very important unit as it is the groundwork for learning what reactions take place in our next chapter – where the real chemistry can begin……

 

webmo drawing of acetone (nail polish remover)

Monday:

1.       Grade writing 2

2.       Finish Penny Lab discussion – no graphs this year, labs due Friday

3.       Naming and Writing 3 due tomorrow

4.       Quiz Weds over naming and writing

5.       Notes on bond types and Lewis Structures

Tuesday:

1.       Grade naming compounds 3

2.       Notes on Lewis continued

3.       Lewis I due Thursday

4.       Quiz over naming and writing tomorrow

Weds:

1.       Grade writing compounds 3

2.       Quiz over naming and writing compounds

3.       Continue notes on drawing Lewis structures

4.       Lewis I due Friday

5.       Penny Lab due Friday
      Thursday:
1.   Discuss quiz
2.   Lewis I due tomorrow
3.   Double and triple bonds in Lewis structures - notes

Friday:
1.  Grade Lewis I
2.  Continue notes over VSEPR theory
3.  Penny Lab due
4.  Lewis II due Tuesday

Adv. Chemistry Lesson Plans March 24-28

This week we are finishing up our titration portion of the acid/base unit.  We used a virtual titration lab last week to practice titrating which can be a tedious procedure.  It also helps reduce chemical waste in the real lab.  Finishing up our topic of naming and writing acid and base formulae, students will begin applying their knowledge of what makes a strong versus weak acid or base with the introduction of equilibrium at the end of the week.

titration method

                                              

Monday:

1.  Grade naming bases worksheet

2.  Start titration lab – unknown I

3.  Titration Virtual Labs due Tuesday

4.  quiz tomorrow over naming acids

Tuesday:

1.  quiz over naming acids

2.  quiz tomorrow over naming bases

3. continue titration lab – unknown I finish, start unknown II

4.  grade 22 pt titration worksheet Friday

Weds:

1.  quiz over naming bases

2.  finish titration lab – unknown II

3.  22 pt titration worksheet due Friday

Thurs:

1. finish titration lab

2. titration worksheets both due tomorrow

3.  quiz tomorrow over titration

4.  start acid/base review up to ICE tables due Monday

Friday: 

1.       Grade 22 pt titration worksheet

2.       Quiz over titration

3.       20 pt titration worksheet due

4.       Acid-Base Review up to ICE tables due Monday

5.       Equilibrium ICE table notes

AP Chemistry Lesson Plans March 24-28

We are finishing up our equilibrium unit this week and taking the AP practice test for it.  Equilibrium is a very important topic that is used in many different aspects of chemistry and will be revisited in the acid/base review as well as our thermodynamics review.  Our next topic of rates of reaction will be introduced next week, so students are asked to read ahead in their AP book.  On Friday, we will have a fun activity about the Periodic Table in the format of an NCAA bracket to celebrate March Madness!

Monday:

1.  homework back and discuss

2.  Ksp notes and problems lecture

3.  Ch 11 homework on rates due!

Tuesday:

1.  finish notes on Ksp

2.  Modern Chemistry prob set in class – due Thursday

3.  finish #2 free response in Cliffs

Weds:

1.  Cliff’s worksheet on equilibrium due Friday

2.  Problem set due tomorrow

Thurs:  PLAY DAY

1.  Prob set due

2.  AP equilibrium multiple choice and free response test

Friday: 

1.  Cliff’s worksheet due

2.  Element March Madness activity

sodium acetate crystals

How does it work?

If you attempt to dissolve most solutes in water, you reach a point where you cannot dissolve any more sugar. This is called a saturated solution. However, if you heat the solution, more solvent will sometimes dissolve. (This is true of the sodium acetate we are using, but not true of something like sodium chloride.  Raising the temperature of a sodium chloride solution does not really allow much more solute to be added.)  When our solution is cooled, the sodium acetate will remain in solution. This is called a supersaturated solution, which is very unstable and will crystallize easily. The process of crystallization gives off heat. It’s said to be exothermic.  That’s why the solution is used in the old-school type of hand warmers.

How do Hand Warmers Work?

Commercially available hand warmers use a supersaturated solution of sodium acetate.  These products consist of a concentrated aqueous salt solution together with a flexible metallic steel activator strip in a sealed, flexible container. Sodium acetate and calcium nitrate are examples of suitable salts. These salts are much more soluble in hot water than in cold water.  The flexible metal strip is bent back and forth a few times, whereupon a white cloud of crystals begins to precipitate. Within seconds, the entire pack is filled up with solid crystalline needles of sodium acetate without any solution left, and the temperature rises to 130°F for about 30 minutes.

Supercooled liquids can be cooled below their normal freezing point without turning solid. Then, at the flick of button, the supercooled liquid is triggered to solidify (crystallize) and at the same time release large amounts of heat. Salt solutions that have been processed in such a way that their temperature can be lowered well below their solidification (or melting) temperature and still remain in liquid are defined as supercooled or metastable liquids.

The triggering device initiates the rapid solidification of the solution. The solidification process is a rapid crystallization that releases a large amount of heat at the salt solution's normal melting temperature (common table salt sodium chloride does not do this).

The activator is a thin metal piece with ridges and a specially roughened surface. The flexing causes metal-to-metal contact that releases one or more very tiny particles of metal from the roughened surface. This acts as a nesting site for one crystal deposited from the solution and BAM! all of the crystals fall out instantly. These heat packs are reusable because, by reheating the pack in boiling water for a few minutes, the salt re-dissolves and the pack again contains a clear solution. Best of all, the activator strip can be reused dozens of times!

Acid Bath Offers New Way to Make Stem Cells!

Just physically squeezing cells or bathing them in acidic conditions can readily reprogram them into an embryonic state....

Jan 29, 2014 |By David Cyranoski and Nature magazine

A mouse embryo injected with cells made pluripotent through stress, tagged with a fluorescent protein.
Image courtesy of Haruko Obokata

In 2006, Japanese researchers reported a technique for creating cells that have the embryonic ability to turn into almost any cell type in the mammalian body — the now-famous induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. In papers published this week inNature, another Japanese team says that it has come up with a surprisingly simple method — exposure to stress, including a low pH — that can make cells that are even more malleable than iPS cells, and do it faster and more efficiently.

“It’s amazing. I would have never thought external stress could have this effect,” says Yoshiki Sasai, a stem-cell researcher at the RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology in Kobe, Japan, and a co-author of the latest studies. It took Haruko Obokata, a young stem-cell biologist at the same centre, five years to develop the method and persuade Sasai and others that it works. “Everyone said it was an artefact — there were some really hard days,” says Obokata.

Obokata says that the idea that stressing cells might make them pluripotent came to her when she was culturing cells and noticed that some, after being squeezed through a capillary tube, would shrink to a size similar to that of stem cells. She decided to try applying different kinds of stress, including heat, starvation and a high-calcium environment. Three stressors — a bacterial toxin that perforates the cell membrane, exposure to low pH and physical squeezing — were each able to coax the cells to show markers of pluripotency.

But to earn the name pluripotent, the cells had to show that they could turn into all cell types — demonstrated by injecting fluorescently tagged cells into a mouse embryo. If the introduced cells are pluripotent, the glowing cells show up in every tissue of the resultant mouse. This test proved tricky and required a change in strategy. Hundreds of mice made with help from mouse-cloning pioneer Teruhiko Wakayama at the University of Yamanashi, Japan, were only faintly fluorescent. Wakayama, who had initially thought that the project would probably be a “huge effort in vain”, suggested stressing fully differentiated cells from newborn mice instead of those from adult mice. This worked to produce a fully green mouse embryo.

Still, the whole idea was radical, and Obokata’s hope that glowing mice would be enough to win acceptance was optimistic. Her manuscript was rejected multiple times, she says.

To convince sceptics, Obokata had to prove that the pluripotent cells were converted mature cells and not pre-existing pluripotent cells. So she made pluripotent cells by stressing T cells, a type of white blood cell whose maturity is clear from a rearrangement that its genes undergo during development. She also caught the conversion of T cells to pluripotent cells on video. Obokata called the phenomenon stimulus-triggered acquisition of pluripotency (STAP).

The results could fuel a long-running debate. For years, various groups of scientists have reported finding pluripotent cells in the mammalian body, such as the multipotent adult progenitor cells described by Catherine Verfaillie, a molecular biologist then at the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis. But others have had difficulty reproducing such findings. Obokata started the current project in the laboratory of tissue engineer Charles Vacanti at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, by looking at cells that Vacanti’s group thought to be pluripotent cells isolated from the body. But her results suggested a different explanation: that pluripotent cells are created when the body’s cells endure physical stress. “The generation of these cells is essentially Mother Nature’s way of responding to injury,” says Vacanti, a co-author of the latest papers.

One of the most surprising findings is that the STAP cells can also form placental tissue, something that neither iPS cells nor embryonic stem cells can do. That could make cloning dramatically easier, says Wakayama. Currently, cloning requires extraction of unfertilized eggs, transfer of a donor nucleus into the egg, in vitrocultivation of an embryo and then transfer of the embryo to a surrogate. If STAP cells can create their own placenta, they could be transferred directly to the surrogate. Wakayama is cautious, however, saying that the idea is currently at “dream stage”.

Obokata has already reprogrammed a dozen cell types, including those from the brain, skin, lung and liver, hinting that the method will work with most, if not all, cell types. On average, she says, 25% of the cells survive the stress and 30% of those convert to pluripotent cells — already a higher proportion than the roughly 1% conversion rate of iPS cells, which take several weeks to become pluripotent. She now wants to use these results to examine how reprogramming in the body is related to the activity of stem cells. Obokata is also trying to make the method work with cells from adult mice and humans.

“The findings are important to understand nuclear reprogramming,” says Shinya Yamanaka, who pioneered iPS cell research. “From a practical point of view toward clinical applications, I see this as a new approach to generate iPS-like cells.”